Can I use cellular data on iPad without a SIM card?

Simpler path, use eSIM on the iPad. Supported on iPad Pro 2018+, iPad Air 3+, iPad mini 5+, iPad 7+. Go to Settings. Cellular Data. Add eSIM. Pick a prepaid plan. Examples, Airalo, GigSky, Holafly, or a QR from AT&T, T-Mobile, Verizon. Activation takes 2 to 5 mins. Typical price, $5 to $10 for 1 GB in the US for 7 days. No extra gear, no tethering drain. If it fails, restart, then toggle Airplane mode. Pro tip, download teh provider app over Wi-Fi first.